The Voice of the Sea in The Awakening Essay -- Chopin Awakening Essay

The Voice of the Sea in The Awakening  Ã‚  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Many different symbols were utilized in Kate Chopin's The Awakening to illustrate the underlying themes and internal conflict of the characters.   One constant and re-emerging symbol is the sea.   The voice of the sea is seductive, never ceasing, whispering, clamoring, murmuring, inviting the soul to wander for a spell in abysses of solitude; to lose itself in mazes of inward contemplation.   The voice of the sea speaks to the soul.   The touch of the sea is sensuous, enfolding the body in its soft, close embrace (Chopin 25).      In the novel, â€Å"the ocean symbolizes Edna's "awakening" to a life filled with freedom and independence† (Nickerson). On a hot summer evening Robert and Edna go bathing.   Although Edna does not wish to go and initially declines his offer, something inside is compelling her to go down to the water.   It is there in the seductive ocean that Edna's awakening begins.      A certain light was beginning to dawn dimly within her... [she] was beginning to realize her position in the universe as a human being and to recognize her relations as an individual to the world within and about her (Chopin 25).      That warm ocean environment is in direct contrast to the responsibilities and rules of the cold, hard city.   And it is there in that relaxed and   forgiving atmosphere that Edna can explore her new found freedoms.  Ã‚  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   While relaxing on the beach with Mrs. Ratignolle, the sight of the endless ocean brings back memories from Edna's childhood.   She suddenly recalls a summer day in Kentucky and "a meadow that seemed as big as the ocean to the very little girl...and I felt as if I must walk on forever without coming to th... ... on, thinking of the bluegrass meadow...believing that it had no beginning and no end" (Chopin 190).   It is there in the ocean that she first realizes her physical, mental, and emotional potential. It is only natural that the water, which has seduced her with its sound reclaims her.    Throughout the story the ocean represented Edna's constant struggle for self-realization and independence.   From her first flow of emotion on the beach to her last breath of life in the sea, the ocean beckons her.   The voice of the sea lures her onward in her journey toward liberation and empowerment.    Works Cited Bloom, Harold. Kate Chopin. New York : Chelsea House Publishers, 1987. Chopin, Kate.   The Awakening.   1993: Bedford Books, New York. Nickerson, Meagan. "Romanticism in The Awakening", The Kate Chopin Project. America On-line. February 2000.   

Confucianism’s similarities to virtue ethics Essay

Confucianism, the ancient social philosophy of China, would have had no ethical parallel in the West as little as 30 years ago. There are some small similarities that it holds with utilitarian ethics and deontology. There is very little in ethical egoism or relativism that lines up with Confucianism. I believe that virtue ethics, however, as laid out in Alasdair MacIntyre’s book After Virtue bears a striking resemblance to Confucianism. One important feature of Confucianism, according to John Koller, is that it is an essentially humanist philosophy; in other words, human beings are the ultimate source of values. This is in apposition to Supernaturalism—which claims that values ultimately come from God, and naturalism—which believes that values come from nature. Thus, Confucianism, answers the question of â€Å"How can goodness and harmony be achieved? † by looking for exemplars and principles in humanity itself. This is strikingly similar to the picture that Alasdair MacIntyre paints of the world. According to MacIntyre, most of the ethical language and arguments that are thrown around between ethicists and even everyday people is fundamentally incomprehensible or incoherent. Ethical prescriptions used to be based on a common belief in God and the ways in which He has ordered the universe. In today’s world, however, we no longer share that common belief, but we have kept the structures and language of our old ethical systems without the foundation stones on which they were originally built. To remedy this ailment, MacIntyre proposes going back to a kind of virtue ethics, an essentially humanist philosophy that defines virtuous behavior as what a good man would do. Like Confucianism, virtue ethics looks to neither God nor nature, but rather humanity to find the principles by which to live. Furthermore, both Confucianism and virtue ethics focus less on the rightness of actions themselves, but rather on the development of virtuous people. Koller, notes â€Å"The Confucian idea that virtue, rather than law, should be the basis of government†¦ †. Similarly, virtue ethics sees ethical behavior as ultimately driven by character, not by rules (deontology) or consequences (utilitarianism). Both Confucianism and virtue ethics are interested in cultivating people â€Å"skillful† in doing good as the basis of a stable society.

Aimee Semple McPherson - Pentecostal Evangelist

Known for: successful founding, leadership of a large Pentecostal denomination; kidnapping scandalOccupation: evangelist, religious denomination founderDates: October 9, 1890 - September 27, 1944Also known as: Sister Aimee, Aimee Semple McPherson Hutton About Aimee Semple McPherson Aimee Semple McPherson was the first famous Pentecostal evangelist, seeking publicity to broaden the audience for her religious message, using modern technology (including the automobile and radio) -- truly a pioneer in religious history. The Foursquare Gospel Church which she founded is now a movement with more than two million members around the world. But most people know her name mainly for an infamous kidnapping scandal. Aimee Semple McPherson disappeared in May 1926. At first Aimee Semple McPherson was presumed drowned. When she reappeared she claimed to have been kidnapped. Many questioned the kidnapping story; gossip had her shacked up in a romantic love nest, though a court case was dropped for lack of evidence. Early Life Aimee Semple McPherson was born in Canada, near Ingersoll, Ontario. Her birth name was Beth Kennedy, and she soon called herself Aimee Elizabeth Kennedy. Her mother was active in the Salvation Army and was the foster daughter of a Salvation Army captain. At age 17 Aimee married Robert James Semple. Together they traveled in 1910 to Hong Kong on their way to China to be missionaries, but Semple died of typhoid fever. A month later, Aimee gave birth to a daughter, Roberta Star Semple, and then moved to New York City, where Aimees mother was working with the Salvation Army. Gospel Career Aimee Semple McPherson and her mother traveled together, working on revival meetings. In 1912 Aimee married Harold Steward McPherson, a salesman. Their son, Rolf Kennedy McPherson, was born a year later. Aimee Semple McPherson began working again in 1916, traveling by automobile -- a Full Gospel Car with slogans painted on its side. In 1917 she started a paper, The Bridal Call. The next year, Aimee McPherson, her mother and the two children traveled across the country and settled in Los Angeles, and from that center, continued cross-country revival tours, even traveling to Canada and Australia. Harold McPherson came to oppose Aimees traveling and ministry, and they were divorced in 1921, Harold charging her with desertion. By 1923, Aimee Semple McPhersons organizing was successful enough that she able to build the Angelus Temple in Los Angeles, seating more than 5,000. In 1923 she also opened a Bible school, later to become the Lighthouse of International Foursquare Evangelism. In 1924 she started radio broadcasts from the Temple. Aimee Semple McPherson and her mother personally owned these ventures. Aimees flair for dramatic costumes and techniques and her faith healing activities drew many followers to her message of salvation. Initially she also included a Pentecostal revival standard, speaking in tongues, but de-emphasized that over time. She was also known as something of a difficult person to work with, to some of those who worked closely with her in the Temples ministry. Went for a Swim In May 1926, Aimee Semple McPherson went for a swim in the ocean, accompanied by her secretary who stayed on the shore -- and Aimee disappeared. Her followers and her mother mourned her death while newspapers featured the continuing search and rumors of sightings -- until June 23, when Aimee reappeared in Mexico with a story of kidnapping and captivity a few days after her mother received a ransom note that threatened that Aimee would be sold into white slavery if the half million dollar ransom was not paid. Kenneth G. Ormiston, who was a radio operator for the Temple, disappeared at the same time, leading to suspicion that she had not been kidnapped but had instead spent the month in a romantic hideaway. There had been gossip about her relationship with him before the disappearance, and his wife had moved back to Australia, claiming her husband was involved with McPherson. There were reports that a woman who looked like Aimee Semple McPherson had been seen in a resort town with Ormiston during McPhersons disappearance. Suspicion led to a grand jury investigation and charges of perjury and manufacturing evidence against McPherson and Ormiston, but the charges were dropped the next year without explanation. After the Kidnapping Scandal Her ministry continued. If anything, her celebrity was greater. Within the church, there were some repercussions to the suspicions and scandal: Aimees mother even split from her. Aimee Semple McPherson married again in 1931. David Hutton, ten years her junior and a member of Angelus Temple, filed for divorce in 1933 and it was granted in 1934. Legal disputes and financial difficulty marked the next years of the churchs history. McPherson continued to lead the churchs many activities, including her radio talks and her preaching, and the financial difficulties were largely overcome by the 1940s. In 1944, Aimee Semple McPherson died of an overdose of sedatives. The overdose was pronounced accidental, complicated by kidney problems, though many suspected suicide. Legacy The movement that Aimee Semple McPherson founded continues today -- at the end of the 20th century, it claimed about two million members in more than 30 countries, including the 5,300 seat Angelus Temple in California. Her son Rolf succeeded her to leadership. Aimee Semple McPherson on This Site Aimee Semple McPherson Quotations Suggested Reading Women and Religion - ProtestantismNotorious Women Print Bibliography McPherson, Aimee Semple.  The Story of My Life. 1951.McPherson, Aimee Semple.  This is That. Revised 1923.McPherson, Aimee Semple.  The Second Coming of Christ. 1921.McPherson, Aimee Semple.  The Service of the King. 1927.McPherson, Aimee Semple.  Give Me My Own God. 1936.Austin, Alvyn.  Aimee Semple McPherson.Bahr, Robert.  Least of All the Saints.  1979.Blumhofer, Edith.  Aimee Semple McPherson: Everybodys Sister.  1993.Cox, Raymond L.  The Verdict is In.  1983.Epstein, Daniel Mark.  Sister Aimee: The Life of Aimee Semple McPherson.  1993.Mavity, Nancy Barr.  Sister Aimee. 1931.Thomas, Lately.  Storming Heaven: The Life and Times of Minnie Kennedy and Aimee Semple McPherson. 1970.Thomas, Lately.  The Vanishing Evangelist. 1959. Media Portrayals The Disappearance of Aimee.  1976 television film. Aimee Semple McPherson on the Net Aimee Semple McPhersonArticle from  Todays Christian  on the life of Aimee Semple McPherson, Pentecostal preaching sensation.Aimee Semple McPhersonArticle from  Christian History  on Aimee Semple McPherson, Foursquare phenomenon.Aimee Semple McPhersonCalling McPherson A Woman of Destiny, this evangelism sites biography emphasizes her ministry and the tragedies of her life and de-emphasizes scandals.Aimee Semple McPhersonNewsy article on the career and scandals of Aimee Semple McPherson, L.A.s First Evangelical Star.Aimee Semple McPhersonThis site, with biography, photos gallery, contemporary news and magazine articles, and more, uses Aimee McPhersons unique public life as an example of the changing roles of women in the 1920s.Our FounderA biography of Aimee Semple McPherson from the International Church of the Foursquare Gospel, which she founded.SisterEdith L. Blumhofer, in  Christian History, writes of the first Pentecostal to become a national sensation. Around About Four-Square GospelPentecostal Church

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SALE - Pro Plans are 20% OFF TODAY View Plans GradeProof GradeProof 2 Spelling 0 Grammar 0 Phrasing 1 Eloquence Engine PRO Improve Writing Reduce Words Increase Words Plagiarism PRO Scroll Automatically Word Count: 557 Sentence Count: 28 Readability: 11.52 % Grade Level: 16.59 years Reading Time: 2 minutes Speaking Time: 4 minutes Type your title here... Genetic Engineering is a common theme of Gattaca, Splice, and Blade Runner. Gattaca takes place in a future where the best opportunities are given people that have the best genes, as a result from Genetic Engineering (cite). The main character Vincent has not been genetically engineered and has many health issues like Myopia (cite). He aspires to become an astronaut. So he†¦show more content†¦Eugenics is defined as â€Å"the science of improving a population by controlled breeding to increase the occurrence of desirable heritable characteristics† (cite). The film Gattaca was based on a society that uses genetic engineering for these purposes. In â€Å"The Ethics of Changing the Human Genome† Daniel Kelves argues that in the future, genetic engineering could allow eugenics to become commercialized (cite). As an example, parents who could afford the procedures would be in a position to use genetic engineering to ensure that their child will not have mental illness, grow to certain height, have a certain eye or hair colour, or even dete rmine their sexual orientation (cite). Over time this could the elimination of certain groups of the population that have these characteristics (cite). Scientists therefore have a moral obligation to society to prevent the possibility of eugenics and extinction of certain characteristics by not further advancing this technology. (expand) Secondly, the long-term consequences of genetic engineering often overshadow many of the supposed benefits. Some genes may be responsible more than a single characteristic of an individual. To give an example, someone who does not have the CCR5 gene will be less likely to contract HIV, but more likely to contract West Nile Virus (cite). In addition to this,

Salem Witch Trials And The Crucible - 879 Words

Salem Witch Trials These days, dressing up like a witch for Halloween is very normal. The year was 1962 when Salem Massachusetts was forever cemented in history because of the Salem witch trials. People accused of witch craft were imprisoned or hung and in one occasion a person was pressed to death. I can only imagine what the people of Salem were going through those days. There was a fear in the entire town because you couldn’t trust anyone. It became neighbor against neighbor as the small town was torn apart and people didn’t know who to trust. One of the most important persons from these times was Cotton Mather. He was an accomplished author, researcher, and preacher who worker under his father at Boston’s North Church. In â€Å"From the Wonders of the Invisible World† Mather writes about the Salem Witch Trials and what happened when some people recanted their testimony of being witches. In â€Å"From the Wonders of the Invisible World†, Cotton Mather opens with; â€Å"The New Englanders are a people of God settled in those, which were once the devil’s territories: and it may easily be supposed that the devil was exceedingly disturbed†(226). In this opening statement it’s very clear to see Mather’s Puritanism style in a couple of ways. First by calling New Englanders people of God and stating later in the text; â€Å"the devil thus irritated, immediately tried all sorts of methods to overturn this poor plantation†(226). Mather makes it clear that New Englander’s have enduredShow MoreRelatedThe Crucible By The Salem Witch Trials1539 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"The Crucible† Who can people trust in a world filled with self-centered and ambitious enemies? Are their neighbors friends or foe? Those are questions many people faced in the seventeenth century and in the 1950s when mobocracy enveloped America. The Second Red Scare and the Salem Witch Trials were both tragic events that took place during these time periods; during this time, people were in a constant state of paranoia and fear. Many respected people lost their lives because they were accused ofRead MoreThe Crucible, The Salem Witch Trial1224 Words   |  5 Pagesplace hundreds of years ago, the characters still felt obligated to make an attempt to live up to the standards that society has set for them. In The Crucible, the Salem Witch Trial was taking place. Everyone was accusing everyone of witchcraft left and right, leading to countless death penalties and hangings. The society in which The Crucible took place was remarkable unique. All of the citizens believed that God was speaking through government officials. So, if person A accused person B of witchcraftRead MoreThe Crucible And Salem Witch Trials Similarities790 Words   |  4 Pages2017 Salem Witch Trials and The McCarthy Era The United States of America is filled with many historic events, enriching its history. Many events that occur are compared to past events in our history. In particular, the McCarthy Era in the 1950’s was compared to the Salem Witch Trials which occurred in 1692. This correlation was first made by Arthur Miller who wrote the play â€Å"The Crucible†. He connected the time period of McCarthy to where there was a hunt for communists, to the Salem Witch TrialsRead MoreThe Crucible By Comparing The Salem Witch Trials1431 Words   |  6 Pagesresult, he wrote a play called The Crucible, in which he used the Salem Witch Trials of 1692 to explain the communist hysteria during the 1950s. Arthur Miller develops an allegory in The Crucible by comparing the Salem Witch Trials to McCarthyism by using ringleaders, persecuted couples, and hypocrisy in the government or legal system. Certainly, Miller creates a parallel using ringleaders such as Senator Joseph McCarthy in the 1950s, and Abigail Williams in The Crucible. Without a doubt, Joseph McCarthyRead MoreSimilarities Between The Crucible And Salem Witch Trials1079 Words   |  5 Pages The Crucible is a play that explains the story the Salem Witch trials. Arthur Miller, is the author of this play. McCarthyism played a big role in the creation of The Crucible. Many differences and similarities were drawn between the play and the Red Scare. The horrors of history are passed on from generation to generation in hopes that they will never happen again. People look back on these times and are surprised at how terrible the times were. Yet, in the 1950s, history repeated itself. DuringRead MoreThe Crucible : Fictional Account Of The Salem Witch Trials1303 Words   |  6 PagesThe 1996 film The Crucible is a fictional account of the Salem witch trials. While there are many historical inaccuracies in the movie, it does capture some of the themes in scholarship on the period. The film presents the town of Salem in a similar way to how it is depicted in the textbook. The film gets the basic outline of the Salem witch trials right. A group of girls started a panic by accusing an enslaved woman and two other women of bewitching them. During the event more than 200 people wereRead MoreComparing The Crucible and Salem Witch Trials Essay1419 Words   |  6 Pagesto compare and contrast Arthur Miller’s The Crucible with the ac tual witch trials that took place in Salem in the 17th Century. Although many of the characters and events in the play were non-fictional, many details were changed by the playwright to add intrigue to the story. While there isn’t one specific cause or event that led to the Salem witch trials, it was a combination of events and factors that contributed to the birth and growth of the trials. Some of these events included: a small poxRead MoreSimilarities Between The Crucible And Salem Witch Trials725 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"Everyone loves a witch hunt as long as its someone elses witch being hunted.† this is a quote by Walter Kirn. The Crucible and the Salem Witch Trials are very similar to the time of McCarthyism and it the most likely reason the why the book was written. â€Å"It was not only the rise of McCarthyism that moved me, but something which seemed much more weird and mysterious.† (Budick 1985) a quote by the author himself proving it was a fa ctor that made him write the book. They were both witch hunts one literallyRead MoreThe Salem Witch Trials: The Crucible by Arthur Miller Essay1088 Words   |  5 Pages The Crucible Puritans lived to achieve the grace of God. All sinners, liars, and adulterers were condemned to hell under the eyes of God himself. Arthur Miller, the mastermind behind the sad and heartbreaking play The Crucible succeeds in telling a story of the complicated relationship between John and Elizabeth Proctor. During the dark days of the pretense witchcraft spreading on the streets of Salem, Massachusetts Bay, the relationship between John and Elizabeth quickly changes from distantRead MoreThe Crucible and The Salem Witch Trials by Arthur Miller Essay884 Words   |  4 Pagesjobs weren’t available. Throughout his life Miller influenced many people with his plays, and his contributions to this day because people want to read and understand what was truly happening in past history. For example, â€Å"The Crucible† is a play about the Salem Witch Trials, giving a good understanding of the basics that went on in this time period. Another example of Miller’s influ ential work is â€Å"The Death of a Sales Man†, which is his way of showing what life was like when people were struggling

How and why is surveillance used in cities Free Essays

To be able to discuss the issue of surveillance, it is necessary to understand what is meant by surveillance. Surveillance literally means ‘keeping watch over, guarding or supervising’. In the field of sociology, the word surveillance has a much more technical meaning, writers such as Foucault (1977), have often discussed how surveillance is a way to impose social control and order upon society. We will write a custom essay sample on How and why is surveillance used in cities? or any similar topic only for you Order Now In society today, surveillance is widely used, particularly to monitor behaviour. In the city, the use and different forms of surveillance has increased immensely over the last thirty years. The use surveillance within the city dates back to the 19th century in the form of police surveillance. The police began walking ‘the beat’ in order to reduce crime and in the hope of being more accessible to the public. The practise of ‘pounding the beat,’ has continued to modern times, in cities such as Manchester, policing the streets is used for a variety of reasons. Primarily, the police is used for detecting crimes, deterring criminals from offending, and also to reduce the publics’ fear of crime. Another reason of ‘pounding the beat,’ is to observe suspicious characters. It has been contended that as well as giving a community a sense of security, some have argued that the police can cause tension within a community, especially in communities where there is a distinct lack of social stability. The term ‘suspicious characters’ is also too ambiguous, the definition is unclear, do the public know what constitutes a suspicious character; there is no official guideline of what actually represents a suspicious character for the police to follow. The police may consider one certain group more suspicious than another. Due to this lack of formal guidelines, it is possible for one group, e.g. young black males, to be classed as more suspicious, and be targeted more than middle aged females. Policing the streets is a form of surveillance that dates back to the early 1800’s, another form of a similar type of surveillance that has increased over the last 20 years, would be the introduction of private security firms. Private security firms are common use today within shops, pubs and clubs, car parks and even in residential buildings. A good example of private security firms being used would be the Manchester Arndale Centre, where there are a large number of overt security guards who are there to monitor the public. Critics of employing the private security firms for surveillance have suggested that, firstly, the companies are a public limited company, therefore, there interests lie in earning profit as opposed to the interest of the public. A second criticism would be about the employees, there are no procedures on the qualification that a security guard needs. How does the security firm decide on who is competent to perform surveillance. These private firms are also used to keep under observation of the closed circuit television (CCTV), but is this infringement on the publics civil liberties this will be discussed shortly. Firstly, consideration of what is the utility of CCTV will need to be analysed. CCTV is probably the most widely used form of surveillance within cities today; an increasing number of streets, building, car parks and more recently, people are putting CCTV in there homes. Manchester is a prime example of using CCTV; Manchester has invested in a multi million pound, state of the art surveillance system. CCTV is used throughout the city and is used to monitor behaviour and detecting criminality. This most up-to-date technology that is in place, can match known criminals to the images that the CCTV captures. Again this is quite controversial, it goes back to the monitoring of certain groups, is it really fair that this group should be monitored more than others, just because they are known criminals, what about the individuals that do not get caught? Research has shown that the use of CCTV within the UK, that because there are no clear objectives of who should be observed, people who look ‘peculiar’ or deviant are targeted more than others. In 1992, the city of Newcastle installed CCTV into the city centre after ram raiders and street crime turned the city centre into a ‘no-go area.’ The police monitored the CCTV system, the public approved of this, so long as the police and no outside agencies that were the observers. The system worked in Newcastle; the city was opened up by a newfound security that was felt through the CCTV. More arrests and conviction were made as a direct result of the CCTV.1 More recently, forms of ‘hyper-surveillant control’ have been developed; Boggard (1996) originally coined the term hyper-surveillant control. As a definition, hyper-surveillant control means, â€Å"Not just an intensification of surveillance, but the effort to push surveillance to the absolute limit.† Boggard was referring to modern day society and included all types of surveillance, including the previously discussed and methods of surveillance, which are more recent, including monitoring consumption patterns when using credit or debit cards. When people use credit or debit cards, banks can monitor where, when, time, what they bought, and all this information is logged and stored. Moreover, every time a form is completed, information is given on all aspects of a person’s life, once the form has been completed, the individual can never be clear what happens to the information. Furthermore, in this day of increasing consumerism, where more and more people are using the Internet, websites that have been viewed are stored and then tailor made advertising will appear on screen. The previously mentioned â€Å"absolute limit† that Boggard discussed, is an imaginary line beyond which control operates. This leads to the second part of the question on social control and to what extent is surveillance a just means of social control. Parsons (1951) defines social control as, â€Å"the process by which, through the imposition of sanctions, deviant behaviour is counteracted and social stability maintained.† Is surveillance a means to ensure that these sanctions or rules, which Parsons discussed, are adhered to? Some writers have argued that by attempting to achieve social control, by the increased use of surveillance, of particular crimes or social groups, could lead to the deviancy to be amplified rather that deterring. Does this mean that surveillance is not a just means of social control? Initially consider the moral issue of closed circuit television, some groups have suggested that CCTV impinges on peoples’ civil liberties. It is questionable that it is right to watch people, especially if they do not know they are being watched. There is little regulation over CCTV and people are not sure who is accountable when it extends to civil liberties. Some writers have argued that surveillance is not generally a necessity in achieving social control, but social stability of groups within society, community groups and shared values are all more important than surveillance. For example, if there is tension between police and particular minority within a city, when the police are considering increasing the number of police on ‘the beat,’ concern over this instability within the community should be taken into account. Surveillance is widely used within all aspects of society and whether people it is right or wrong that someone else has the right to watch over another person, this is not always the issue. There are both advantages and disadvantages of surveillance and these have been discussed, however, to use surveillance as a form of social control will need careful deliberation. If surveillance is made excessively intense, it may be possible that a society where the public are constantly under surveillance could be created, it may be possible that this ‘hyper-surveillant control’ that Boggard mentioned, and the absolute limit will be achieved. Surveillance could be classed as a just means of social control, and on the whole, society is willing to except that surveillance is a necessary to ensure that the norms and values are accomplished. The only time that surveillance is not just means of social control, is usually when the form of surveillance intrudes upon people’s civil liberties, or intrudes in people’s private affairs. Take for example celebrities in the public eye; these people are constantly being watched by the media and paparazzi, is this use of surveillance justifiable? It could be contested that this is intrusive into the lives of the celebrity. When surveillance is concentrated on particular groups within society, this could be considered prejudiced and unfair. Crime may reduce in a specific area of the city, but it is possible that the crime is not simply stopping, it is just being moved to another part of the city. In the late 18th century, Jeremy Bentham came up with the idea of a Panopticon, this idea was a prison, where surveillance enforced complete social control. This prison had no bars, but observation was the key to control, the wardens would be able to see every part of the prison, but the prisoners would not be able to see the wardens. Foucault suggested that the Panopticon worked because â€Å"it induced a state of conscious and permanent visibility that ensures the automatic functioning of power.† As the prisoners are aware that they are being watched, it is said that their behaviour alters because of this. The Panoptic prison was never developed, however, Foucault does argue that the idea did have an influence on other institutions such as hospital, schools and factories. The Panoptic idea was an idea that social control could be enforced through complete surveillance. To conclude, surveillance is crucial within cities in order for social control to be maintained, but contrary to what some have argued, surveillance is not always the most essential ingredient in sustaining social control. Surveillance is a useful tool in the prevention and prosecution of crime, moreover, surveillance gives people the security that they require for them to feel safe from crime. People are willing to except that surveillance is inevitable, but are not will not except surveillance to encourage the extremes of social control where the ‘all seeing eye’ is developed and all aspects of social behaviour is controlled through the use of surveillance. How to cite How and why is surveillance used in cities?, Papers

Get Sample on Making Presentation And Their Briefing

Question: Task The purpose of this unit is to develop your skills in giving presentations and briefings. The task requires you to plan and deliver a briefing or presentation on a management topic of your choice, evaluate the effectiveness of your presentation and to use the feedback gathered to identify areas for improvement. It is recommended that you follow the stages in the process as set out below. Identify appropriate information in line with the objectives of the briefing or presentatio? Answer: Summary of Presentation The presentation focused on analysis of an important management concept, team work and its importance within an organization. The presentation has emphasized on providing an insight to the concept of team work and how does it work. This presentation has referred that team work is the collective effort of several individuals in order to perform a task successfully. Various organizations have been focusing on achieving operational excellence though team work. Various research studies have proved that team work assists an organization in achievement of desired goals efficiently. The presentation has significantly focused on highlighting the major advantages of team work. Team work has provided huge benefits to the organization. First of all, it has been discussed how sharing of ideas has helped in organizational success. Delegations of work responsibilities provide a scope to work employ people with specific expertise which ultimately helps in enhancing the overall performance of the or ganization. It has been clearly explained to the audience how team work contributes in achievement of enhanced efficiency as well as productivity. The presentation lucidly illustrates the contribution of team work in facilitating healthy competition within an organization leading to better performance. As the interpersonal relationship is improved with the aid of team work it assists in development of the better organizational culture as well as workplace environment. Additionally, the major disadvantages of the team work will be discussed in the presentation. In this session, it has been identified that internal conflict, unequal contribution and participation of the team members and difficulty in reaching consensus are the principle limitations of team work. At the end of the presentation, the major attributes for successful team work have been added. The audiences get to know that open communication system along with appropriate selection of team members, commitment, interdepende nce, good interpersonal skills and a rational and sensible team leader are the significant attributes for successful team work. Evaluation Form Evaluation form is given to the audience who has been present during the presentation on team work. The evaluation form will help in gathering the feedback of the audience which will be helpful in the further improvement of the presenter. The information provided in this form will be kept confidential. Evaluation Form: Name: Age: Occupation: Do you think that the presenter has been able to communicate the principle idea? Yes / No Do you get an insight regarding the presented topic? Yes/ No Do you find the presentation style is monotonous? Yes / No Do you find the presentation clumsy? Yes / No Do you think adequate information was provided by the presenter? Yes / No Did you enjoy the presentation? Yes / No Did you find the session interactive? Yes / No Did the presenter answer your questions properly? Yes / No How much point will you give to the presenter out of 10? _____________ What are the major strengths and weaknesses of the presenter? ________________________ Summary of the Feedback The evaluation form was distributed among the audience and they were requested to fill the form. Thus, feedback of the audience was collected for the presenter. Most of the respondents agreed with the fact that the presenter has been able to communicate properly regarding the chosen topic. Hence, it can be stated that the presenter has enough potential to communicate the principle idea with the audience (Theobald, 2011). Secondly, almost everybody opined that they get an insight to the presented topic. It clearly implies that the presenter has been able to make the audience understand the topic by virtue of his presentation skill. 75% of the audience stated that they did not find the presentation monotonous. Hence, it can be implied that the presentation skill is good and use of voice modulation is appropriate (Grand, 2000). However, there is a scope for improvement to satisfy all audience. All the respondents agreed with the fact that they did not find the presentation to be clumsy. From this, it can be concluded that the presenter has been able to organize the topics properly and presented those in a lucid manner. Almost half of the audience found that the presenter delivered inadequate information regarding the topic. It means the audience expected more information in a concise manner which the presenter failed to do. Almost 65% of the audience stated that they enjoyed the presentation. It means there is significant scope to improve the presentation skill for receiving spontaneous attention of the audience. Only 12% of the audience stated that they found the session interactive. It clearly means the presenter has not been able to make eye contact with the audience. Additionally, the presenter has not given sufficient scope to ask question or clarify their query. 40% of the audience stated that they have got proper answer of the questions they asked to the presenter. The scores given by the respondents are summed up below: Number Percentage of respondents 0 0% 1 1% 2 0% 3 5% 4 18% 5 16% 6 32% 7 14% 8 8% 9 5% 10 0% Most of the audience stated that the major strength is the voice modulation, confidence and body language of the presenter. Additionally, few people appreciated the use of pictures which made the presentation attractive (Hyejin Chung Taehyung Lee, 2010). From the gathered feedback, it has been found that the session was not very interactive and the presenter provided less information. Additionally, the audience was not given enough opportunity to ask questions. Action Plan for Improvement The limitations need to be improved with the aid of an effective action plan. The following areas of weakness need to be improved through the stated measures: The presenter needs to increase eye contact with the audience and must give more opportunities to ask questions (Bradbury, 2006). The presenter must practice regularly to improve voice modulation. Use of visuals must be increased in the slides in order to make it attractive. The presenter must focus on providing more information briefly (Braeutigam, 2008). References Bradbury, A. (2006).Successful presentation skills. London: Kogan Page. Braeutigam, D. (2008). Speak Up: A Guide to Improving Your Public Speaking Skills.Biomedical Instrumentation Technology,42(3), 199-200. doi:10.2345/0899-8205(2008)42[199:suagti]2.0.co;2 Grand, L. (2000).The workplace skills presentation guide. New York: John Wiley Sons. Hyejin Chung, Taehyung Lee,. (2010). Improving listening and speaking skills using different types of media and techniques through movies.STEM Journal,11(1), 149-171. doi:10.16875/stem.2010.11.1.149 Theobald, T. (2011).Develop your presentation skills. London: Kogan Page.